In the early 19th century, while most of South America was swept by wars of independence, Peru remained a royalist stronghold. As the elite hesitated between emancipation and loyalty to the Spanish Monarchy, independence was achieved only after the military campaigns of José por San Martín and Simón Bolívar.[19] During https://pavo22100.sharebyblog.com/3522510/fatos-sobre-canto-do-lobo-revelado