In the majority of fields, the process of doctoral degrees is 2-tier, the degree of licentiate can be an impartial academic diploma but completing the diploma of doctor won't involve completion of a licentiate diploma. The polytechnics (universities of applied sciences) have the proper to award bachelor's and grasp's degrees; https://brooksgihfc.angelinsblog.com/38354725/examine-this-report-on-educational-qualifications-meaning-in-hindi